Anti-riot police confront
a rock-throwing protestor
in Caracas (below); Colombians protest the FARC:
“No more kidnappings, no
more terrorism” (right).
Seventh
The Civil
Ballot
Society
Movement
Collective
COLOMBIA, 1990
PERU, 2000
HOWARD YANES/AP; PAUL WHI TE/AP; BOT TOM: ENRIQUE CASTRO-MENDIVIL/REU TERS/CORBIS
A student-led movement convinced the
government to count
an unofficial “seventh
ballot” (in addition to six
official ones that were
already being voted on
in congressional elections) to measure voter
support to reform the
national constitution.
A group of young artists
and intellectuals resisted
President Alberto
Though the ballot had no
legal bearing, more than
2 million Colombians
voted for constitutional
reform, prodding President Virgilio Barco to
convene the constituent
assembly that led to a
new constitution.
Fujimori’s attempt to
run for a third term by
leaving piles of stuffed
garbage bags featuring
mug-shot images of the
president’s face with
words “put the garbage
in the garbage.” The
collective also organized
a weekly ritual outside the
presidential palace where
demonstrators scrubbed
national flags to cleanse
the country of its “dirty
laundry.” After winning
an uncontested election,
2000.
President Fujimori
resigned in November
The Penguin
Revolution
CHILE, 2006
Clad in black-and-white
school uniforms, Chilean
students in middle and
high school walked out
of school on May 30
to protest Pinochet-
era education policies.
The next day President
Michelle Bachelet
announced a series of
reforms that addressed
their demands.
Venezuela’s
Student
Movement
VENEZUELA,
2007
Venezuelan students
led massive protests
in the run-up to a vote
on a constitutional
referendum that
could have handed
sweeping power
to President Hugo
Chávez. President
Chávez lost the vote
by a narrow margin.
Facebook
March against
the FARC
COLOMBIA, 2008
Facebook helped mobilize
the largest demonstration
in Colombia’s history.
Using the social-networking site, almost
5 million people turned
out in 365 marches
throughout the country
and another 7 million
worldwide in 2008 to
protest five decades of
FARC-led violence and
kidnappings.
A Peruvian demonstrates against
Fujimori’s rule
outside the Chilean
Embassy in Lima.
