Trade Competition from China OSVALDO ROSALES
ence in growth rates between the consumption of imported goods and the explosive expansion of Chinese
products led to a rise in the Chinese share of imports in
apparent consumption from 1. 3 percent to 2. 9 percent
between 2005 and 2010 [See figure 3].
In Brazil, textiles, clothing, footwear, industrial ma-
chinery and equipment, office machines, and nonmetal-
lic minerals have been hard hit in the domestic market,
especially from products made of steel and alloys, such
as tools, parts and pieces, kitchenware, etc. This explains
the rise of anti-dumping investigations against Chinese
imports. Imports as a percentage of apparent consump-
tion increased from 1. 1 percent to 2. 2 percent [see figure
3]. The increase of 2 percent is explained by the greater
FIGURE 3
Evolution of Chinese Imports Between 2005 and 2010:
Colombia, Brazil and Mexico (in percentages of total apparent consumption)
MAIN SECTORS
Agriculture, hunting and forestry
COLOMBIA
2005 2010
0.9
0.2
BRAZIL
2005 2010
0.1
0.1
MEXICO
2005 2010
0.2
0.2
Mining and quarrying
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.1
Food products, beverages and tobacco
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.2
Textiles, apparel
5. 6
4. 7
1. 7
3. 5
4. 2
4. 7
Wood, straw and paper products
0.2
0.8
0.0
0.3
0.8
1. 1
Chemicals and pharmaceuticals
0.7
1. 7
0.7
1.0
0.8
1. 4
Rubber and plastics
1. 4
5. 4
0.7
1. 8
4.0
7. 3
Nonmetallic minerals
1. 4
2. 3
0.7
1. 8
1. 3
1. 7
Basic metals and metal products
2. 8
10. 2
0.5
2. 2
2.0
3. 2
Machinery and equipment
1. 9
8. 1
5. 5
9. 7
21. 1
45. 9
Motor vehicles and parts
0.5
2. 3
0.2
0.7
2. 1
3. 8
Other manufactures
0.3
2. 8
8. 8
3. 5
9. 7
14. 5
All manufactures
1. 5
3. 6
1. 4
2. 3
3. 9
7. 7
Total sectors (excluding services)
1. 3
2. 9
1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
6. 4
Source: ECLAC Division of International Trade and Integration, on the basis of information of countries’ input-output tables and the UN COMTRADE database
100 Americas Quarterly WINTER 2012
AMERICASQUARTERLY.ORG
